Understanding the Comma Use with “Not only…but also”

Mastering punctuation can feel like navigating a maze, and one tricky spot is using commas with “not only…but also”. Many writers stumble over when to place a comma and when to leave it out. Misplaced punctuation can confuse readers or even change the sentence’s meaning. But once you understand the rules, this correlative pair becomes a powerful tool to emphasize ideas and connect thoughts smoothly.

In this article, we’ll explore everything you need to know about comma use with “not only…but also”. You’ll learn the basic rules, common mistakes, advanced usage, and tips to make your sentences crisp and clear. By the end, you’ll be confident in writing sentences that are both grammatically correct and stylistically polished.

We’ll also provide tables, examples, exercises, and FAQs to make your learning practical and actionable. Whether you’re a student, professional writer, or just someone who wants to polish their grammar, this guide is your go-to resource.

What is “Not only…but also”?

“Not only…but also” is a correlative conjunction pair that links two parts of a sentence. It’s used to show addition and emphasize the second element. Unlike simple “and” or “also,” this structure gives weight to the second idea, highlighting it as something important or surprising.

The pair can connect:

• Words: She is not only smart but also kind.
• Phrases: He enjoys not only reading books but also writing poetry.
• Clauses: I not only finished the project, but I also presented it to the team.

Notice how the structure emphasizes the second element. That emphasis is why punctuation, especially commas, matters. A misplaced comma can dilute the impact or confuse readers.

Basic Rules for Comma Use with “Not only…but also”

When it comes to commas, the rule depends on what the two parts of the sentence are.

No comma between words or phrases

When “not only…but also” connects two words or simple phrases, do not use a comma.

• ✅ Correct: She likes not only apples but also oranges.
• ❌ Incorrect: She likes not only apples, but also oranges.

The elements are not independent clauses; a comma is unnecessary. Overusing it here makes the sentence feel choppy.

Use a comma between independent clauses

If “not only…but also” connects two independent clauses (each could stand alone as a sentence), a comma before “but also” is required.

• ✅ Correct: He not only finished his homework, but he also helped his brother.
• ❌ Incorrect: He not only finished his homework but he also helped his brother.

Here, the comma separates two complete ideas, ensuring clarity and smooth reading.

Examples showing emphasis

Commas can subtly change meaning or emphasis:

• Without comma: She not only sings but also dances beautifully. (Flows naturally, simple emphasis)
• With comma: She not only sings, but she also dances beautifully. (Adds weight to “dances beautifully”)

Common Mistakes Writers Make

Even experienced writers slip up with this correlative pair. Some of the most common errors include:

• Overusing commas: Placing a comma where it’s unnecessary can break the flow.
• Forgetting commas between independent clauses: Skipping the comma can confuse readers.
• Misplacing “not only” or “but also”: Incorrect positioning can make sentences awkward or ambiguous.

Examples of mistakes

Advanced Usage Tips

Once you grasp the basics, you can tackle more complex sentences.

“Not only” at the start of a sentence

Starting with “not only” requires careful punctuation:

• ✅ Correct: Not only did she win the race, but she also set a new record.
• ❌ Incorrect: Not only she won the race but she also set a new record.

Notice the inversion of the verb after “not only” — this is key in formal writing.

Handling longer sentences

Longer sentences with multiple clauses may need commas to avoid confusion. Break sentences into readable chunks:

• Original: He not only traveled to Japan but also learned the language, met local artists, and wrote a book about his experiences.
• Polished: He not only traveled to Japan, but he also learned the language, met local artists, and wrote a book about his experiences.

The comma improves readability while keeping emphasis intact.

Introductory phrases

If a sentence starts with an introductory phrase or subordinate clause, commas may be necessary:

• ✅ Correct: Not only in the morning, but also at night, he jogs daily.
• ❌ Incorrect: Not only in the morning but also at night he jogs daily.

Quick Rules Cheat Sheet

Here’s a simple table to remember comma rules with “not only…but also”:

Style and Tone Considerations

Formal vs casual writing: In casual contexts, some writers skip commas even between independent clauses, as long as the sentence remains readable. In formal writing, following strict punctuation rules shows professionalism.

Emphasis: Commas can subtly shift the sentence’s focus. A well-placed comma before “but also” strengthens the second element, making it stand out.

Avoiding “comma clutter”: Overloading sentences with commas makes them harder to read. Use commas strategically to guide the reader, not to over-punctuate.

Practice Examples & Exercises

Try adding commas correctly in the following sentences:

1. She not only loves painting but also enjoys sculpting.
2. He not only finished the report but he also submitted it early.
3. Not only did they win the match but they also set a record.
4. The restaurant serves not only pasta but also delicious desserts.
5. Not only in winter but also in summer, the park attracts visitors.

Answers:

1. No comma needed (words/phrases).
2. Comma needed before “but” (independent clauses).
3. Comma needed before “but” (inversion with “not only”).
4. No comma needed (words/phrases).
5. Commas after introductory phrases: Not only in winter, but also in summer, the park attracts visitors.

FAQs About “Not only…but also”

Can “but also” start a sentence?

Rarely. “But also” usually follows “not only.” Starting a sentence with it can sound awkward.

Do I need a comma if “not only” is in the middle?

Only if it connects two independent clauses. Otherwise, skip it.

Can I use “not only…but also” with lists?

Yes. It can highlight items in a list, but commas depend on the structure:

Correct: She enjoys not only reading but also painting and writing.

Correct with emphasis: She enjoys not only reading, but also painting, and writing.

Does the position of “not only” affect verb order?

Yes. When at the beginning of a sentence, verb inversion is required: Not only did he call, but he also visited.

Conclusion

Understanding the comma use with “not only…but also” may seem tricky at first, but the rules are logical and consistent. Remember:

• No comma between words or phrases.
• Use a comma between independent clauses.
• Pay attention to sentence structure, emphasis, and placement of “not only.”
• Avoid common mistakes and over-punctuating.
• Commas can enhance clarity and style when used strategically.

By following these guidelines, you can write polished, professional, and readable sentences that emphasize your points clearly. Practicing these rules will help you use “not only…but also” confidently in every sentence, making your writing stronger, sharper, and more engaging.

Ruby Skye